Terraform
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Infrastructure as Code

What is Terraform?

Terraform is an open-source infrastructure as code tool by HashiCorp that lets you define and provision cloud infrastructure using a declarative configuration language called HCL.

How Terraform Works

Terraform uses a declarative approach to infrastructure management. You write configuration files in HashiCorp Configuration Language (HCL) that describe the desired end state of your infrastructure. Terraform then determines what actions need to be taken to reach that state.

The core workflow follows three steps: write your configuration, plan the changes to preview what will happen, and apply to execute those changes against your cloud provider.

Key Concepts

  • Providers connect Terraform to cloud platforms like AWS, Azure, and GCP
  • Resources are the fundamental building blocks—each represents an infrastructure object like a VM, database, or network
  • State tracks the mapping between your configuration and real-world resources
  • Modules package reusable sets of resources for consistent provisioning

Why Teams Choose Terraform

Terraform enables teams to version control their infrastructure, review changes through pull requests, and apply consistent patterns across environments. Its provider ecosystem supports hundreds of services, making it a natural choice for multi-cloud strategies.

When combined with tools like Atmos, Terraform scales to manage complex multi-account AWS environments with dozens of components and environments.

Getting Started

Most teams start by defining their core networking and compute resources in Terraform, then gradually expand to cover DNS, monitoring, security, and other infrastructure layers. Cloud Posse maintains a library of production-ready Terraform modules that accelerate this process.

Related Terms

Infrastructure as CodeAtmosGitOpsTerraform ModulesTerraform State

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